AI Compliance
Practical guidance for achieving and maintaining compliance with AI regulations. Learn how to conduct risk assessments, build documentation, perform audits, and prepare for conformity assessments.
Compliance Framework
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Step 1: AI Inventory
Catalog all AI systems in your organization. Document what each system does, what data it uses, who it affects, and what decisions it influences.
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Step 2: Risk Classification
Classify each AI system according to applicable regulatory frameworks. Determine if it falls under prohibited, high-risk, limited-risk, or minimal-risk categories.
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Step 3: Gap Analysis
Compare current practices against regulatory requirements. Identify gaps in documentation, testing, monitoring, and governance.
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Step 4: Remediation
Develop and execute a remediation plan to close identified gaps. Prioritize based on risk level and regulatory deadlines.
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Step 5: Ongoing Compliance
Establish continuous monitoring, regular audits, and processes for managing changes to AI systems and regulatory requirements.
Risk Assessment
| Assessment Area | Key Questions | Documentation Required |
|---|---|---|
| Purpose and Scope | What decisions does the AI make? Who is affected? What are the consequences of errors? | System description, use case specification |
| Data Quality | Is training data representative? Are there known biases? How is data quality maintained? | Datasheet, bias audit report |
| Performance | What are the accuracy metrics? How does performance vary across subgroups? | Model card, disaggregated evaluation |
| Human Oversight | Can humans understand, monitor, and override AI decisions? Are there escalation procedures? | Oversight procedures, interface documentation |
| Security | Is the system protected against adversarial attacks? What are the cybersecurity measures? | Security assessment, penetration test results |
Documentation Requirements
Comprehensive documentation is the backbone of AI compliance. Key documents include:
- Technical documentation: System architecture, algorithms, training methods, data processing, and performance benchmarks
- Risk management plan: Identified risks, mitigation strategies, residual risks, and risk monitoring procedures
- Data governance records: Data sources, collection methods, processing steps, bias assessments, and data quality metrics
- Testing and validation reports: Test methodologies, results, including fairness and robustness testing
- Instructions for use: Clear guidance for deployers on intended use, limitations, and human oversight requirements
- Monitoring plan: Metrics to track, alerting thresholds, review frequency, and incident response procedures
Auditing AI Systems
Internal Audits
Regular self-assessments by the development team or internal audit function. Should cover technical compliance, documentation completeness, and process adherence.
External Audits
Independent third-party assessments for high-risk systems. Required by some regulations and adds credibility to compliance claims.
Conformity Assessments
Formal evaluation required by the EU AI Act for high-risk systems. Can be self-assessment or third-party, depending on the risk category.
Continuous Monitoring
Ongoing automated checks on model performance, fairness metrics, and security posture. Alerts when metrics drift outside acceptable bounds.
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